Hot-water heating apparatus.



- No. 776,939. u PATBNTBD DBG. 6,1904.

A. B. RBGK.-

HOT WATER HEATING APPARATUS. APPLIOATION FILED 00T. 1e. 1902.

ANo MODEL. i s sHnE'rs-sHBnT-L PATENTED DEG. 1904.

A. B. BECK.

HOT WATER HEATING' APPARATUS.

PPLIGATION FILED 00T. 1e. moz.

'No MoDBL. s sHBnTs-snnn'r Q Fiyi 2. C

No. 776,939. f PATBNTED DEC. 6, 1904.

A. B. REGK'.-

HOT WATER HEATING APPARATUS. v PPLIUATION FILED 00T. 1e. 1962.

No MODEL. a snEnTs-snnsT a A A frm/vin?.

No. 776,939. Patented December 6, 1904.

llNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

ANDERS BORCH BECK, OF CPENIIAGrEN, DENMARK.

HOTWATER HEATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 776,939, dated December 6, 1904. Original application iiled January Sl, 1898, Serial No. 668,618. Divided and this application filed October 16, 1902. Serial No. 127,500- (No model.)

T ZZ 1077/07 Awww?! Off/warn: meshes ci' several layers et wiregauze P, 50

Be it known that LANDEES BORCH REeIQa held lirmly between two iron frames P'. subject of the King oiE Denmark, and a resi- From theheating-tank Ha pipe M conveys the dent of Copenhagen, Denmark, haveinvented water supplied from a pipe A to a separator# a new and Improved Hot-VVater Heating Aptank S, which is in communication with a ra` params, of which the followingisai'ull, clear, diator or system of radiators (not shown) 55 and exact description. through a pipe B. The pipe A, that supplies My invention relates to hot-water heating water to the heating-tank, communicates with apparatus of that class in which steam is inthe same radiator or system ol radiators. N

IO troduced directly into the water to be heated. is an overflow pipe 'from the separator- The subject-matter of this application is a tank S.

division oi' a prior application for liet-water When the apparatus is to be used, it is iilled circulatingapparatus tiled by me in the United with water until the water in the separator- States Patent Oliice on January 3l, 1898, Setank S rises to the level ot' the overflow-pipe I5 rial No. 668,618. N. Some water will enter the steanrpipe E.

Hot-water heating apparatus of that class iVhen steam new enters into pipe E, it drives in which steam introduced into a water-heater out the water from said pipe and penetrates is mingled directly with the water, whereat'- through thc wire-gauze l? into the heatingter it passes into a reservoir in which the tank H. Here its velocity will be reduced.

2O steam is separated from the water, have hith- 1t will mingle with the water and condense,

erto had only a very limited application to the condensation bringing thetemperature et' 70 common house-heating on account of their the water up tothe temperature oi the steam. uneconomieal operation, lack' et means for The het water new rises through the pipe M regulation, and in most cases their dependence into the tank S. As it rises it will gradually 25 on high pressure, which features are very obcome under less and less pressure, because the iectionable in housc-heating, but do not prelayer ot water will get thinner, and thus vent the application of the system to some some oi Athe steam condensed in the water special purposes, such as particularly theheatwill be redcvcloped, reducing the specific ing of railroad-cars. gravity of the ascending column of water in 30 The object et' this invention is the eonstructhe rising pipe .M to about halt' the specific tion or an apparatus et the above-indicated gravity oi unmixed water. Evenin buildings 8O class in which a very economical operation where the distance lfrom the separator-tank and exact regulation can be obtained by the to the radiators farthest away is more than same low steam-pressure that is now used in three hundred feet the height ci the rising 35 common house-heating steam-boilers. The pipe M need not bek more than about four novel features by whichlsecure this resultare feet, even it the velocity of the water is dedeiined in the appended claims. sired to be about four times as large as usual The invention may be carried out as shown in common gravity hot-water heating'. The in the drawings, in whieh-. steam developed in the rising' pipe M will 40 Figure l is a diagrammatic elevation ot the separate from the water in tank S. To give system. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic elevation room for such steam, the upper part et' the 9o of a modified form of the system; and Fig. 3 separator-tank must be provided with an outisadiagrammatic elevation et amodiiied :form let for the air standing over the water before of certain parts shown by the system et Eig. steam is turned on. Figs. l and 2 in the 4S 2, certain parts in all the figures beingshown drawings show two dilierent forms ot' outlet in section. for the air, as will be described later on.

In the iigures, E is a steam-pipe leading to W'hen the air has been expelled from the a tank H, in which the water is heated, the separator-tank S, the steam will condense on steam escaping' into the water through the the inner part of its upper surface. In small apparatus these surfaces will suffice for conl from a common steam-generating'plant. Ii' a dcnsing all the steam developed 1n the rising i vacuum 1s maintained 1n a main exhaust-pipe pipe M. In large apparatus the inner surfaces of the separator-tank must be supplemented by other condensing apparatus; but these not being essential parts oi' the invention lare not described here nor shown in the drawings. It will be seen that when the air has escaped from the separator-tank and the air-outlet from this tank has been closed, automatically or otherwise, the steam-pressure in the separator-tank will be equivalent to the difference between that in the pipe E and that represented by the head of the watercolumn from the level of the inlet of the steam-pipe E into the heating-tank H to the level of the water in the tank S. Therefore ii' the steam, as shown in Fig. l, is taken from a vertical steam-pipe (riser) D it will be possible to let the condensed water iiow back by gravity to the saine steam-pipe by returning it through a little tank N or other water seal in the overflow-pipe N.

To make the system applicable to common house-heating it is very essential that the pressure in the separator-tank and the supply of steam to the heating-tank should'be kept automatically at the proper point.

In Fig'. l the regulating-chamber is a tank Q, the top and bottom of which communicate, respectively, with the upper part of the separator-tank by pipes 0 and X and with the lower part of the heating-tank H by pipe Z. The tank is placed at such a height that when the water sinks in pipe X by the effect of the boiling of the water in pipe M the level oi' the water will finally be in the tank Q. In this tank is placed a ioat R, bearing a rod T, that connects the float with a valve U in such a manner that the valve shuts when the float sinks and opens again when the iioat rises. The valve U opens into a chamber Y, that communicates with a pipe V. It will now be seen that the valve U will keep open and act as an outlet for air and steam as long as the boiling of the water in pipe M is so weak that the column of water directly above the junction of .the pipes A and Z and supported by the column in the parts H, M, and S is sufficiently high to keep the level of the water in the tank Q high enough to cause the iioat R to remain in raised position; but' when the ebullition in the tank H increases the weight ot' water in the parts H, M, and S of the water-column will tend to decrease, the water in the tank Q will come down to its proper level. thus indicating that the head for the circulation of the water through pipes B and A and the radiator system is suflicient, and the iioat R will sink and close valve U, so that no more steam escapes to pipe V. It will be especially advantageous to employ the manner of regulation shown in Fig. i', when two or more heating-tanks H each with its appurtenant hotwater heating system are supplied with steam to which the pipes V from all the individual hot-water systems are connected, the vacuum in each pipeV can be transmitted to the separator-tank connected to it, and thus the circulation o1' the water in the heating systems can be maintained, even if the pressure of the common steam-supplytalls under atmospheric pressure and approaches the pressure in the pipes V.

Fig. 2 represents a modiiied form of the invention, whereby the current of steam or other heating' medium that flows through the pipe E, heater H, pipe M, and tank S is controlled by a valve in the pipe E instead of by a valve in the outlet from the tank S, as shown in Fig. l. The description of the regulating-tank made with reference to Fig. l applies to Fig. 2 also. Only the rod T from ioat R here is shown going out through a stuiiing-box and connected to a lever L, that actuates a valve F in the steam-supply pipe E, leading to the heating-tank H, the lever closing the valve when the float R sinks and opening it again when the float rises. It will be seen that the valve F will remain open and allow the steam to go to the heating-tank H as long as the boiling of the water in pipe M is not sufficiently strong to reduce the weight of water in that pipe enough to keep the water-level in the tank Q down to its normal point and cause the downward movement of the oat R; but as soon as ebullition in the pipe M has increased sufliciently to cause water to flow from the pipe Z into the pipe A the water in tank Q will come down to its proper level, thus indicating' that the heat for the circulation of the water through pipes A B and the radiator system connected to these pipes is sufficient, the fioatRwill sink, and the valve F will close, so that only steam enough goes to the heating-tank to maintain the circulation of the water. As an outlet for air and steam from the separator -tank S, I have shown in Fig'. 2 an open pipe U2, communicating with a pipe V. When a constant pressure is kept in this pipe V, the pressure will then always be the same as in V over the water in the separator-tank, and thus the temperature at which the water will boil in the pipe M will be dependent only upon the pressure in pipe V and not on the steam-pressure TOO in the steam-supply pipe D, provided only that this last pressure is at least a little higher than the pressure in the pipe V.

The manner of regulation shown in Fig. 2 will be especially advantageous when it is desired to secure a constant temperature for the water flowing out into pipe B from the separator-tank independently of the pressure in the pipe D or in the boiler from which the steam is drawn. By varying' the pressure in pipe V over or under atmospheric pressure it is possible to vary the temperature in all of the radiators connected to the heating system in accordance with the amount of heat required in the building` in which the radiators are placed.

in the drawings theheatcr (radiator or sys tem ot' radiators) is not shown. It maybe ot any suitable construction and does not forni any part of my invention. The pipes A and B, leadingthe water to and from the heater, may be arranged in different ways. The construction ot' the inlet ot' the steam into the heatingtank H does not form any part of the invention. Any other construction will do here, provided only that it allows the water in the heatingtank to be directly heated by the condensation of the steam, the current ot steam being reduced in velocity and distributed among' a great number o't small channels bei-'ore it mingles with the water, so that the water can be heated up to the temperature of the inflowing steam, the pressure oi the water and the steam in the heating-tank H being very nearly the same.

The construction of a Heat R and rod T, by which the fall ofthe water in the regulatingtank is transferred to the valve U', as in Fig. l, or valve F, as in Fig. 2, does not form any part ot' the invention. Any other manner ot transferring such a movement of the water to a valve known in the art may be employed. Vihe regulating-tank Q may, for instance, be suspended, as shown in Fig. 3, by a chain T', which is lixed to the lever L. The pipes O' and Z', connecting the tank Q with the sepa- -rator S and the pipe A, are made tlexible.

The apparatus will then act in the following way: When the wate' is sucked down in the tank Q by the suction created by the steam rising in the pipe M, the weight Gr of the lever L, which is kept in equilibrium by the tank Q when said tank is full, will descend and cause the valve F to shut ofi" the admission ot' steam through the pipe E.' When the water again iiows back to the tank Q, said tank will again be heavier and raise the weight Gr, and the valve F will again be opened for the admission of steam.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent@ l. ln an apparatus for water circulation, the combination of a heating-tank for heating water by steam, a pipe rising from the upper part of' said tank, a separator-tank connected with the upper end of said rising pipe and provided with an overiiow-pipe for water, an escape for air and steam in communication with the upper part of said separator-tank, a regulating chamber or tank, placed lower than the water-line in the sei'iarator-tank, ythe top and bottom of the chamber communicating respectively with the upper part of the separator-tank and the lower part oi' the heat* ing-tank, means for transferring the change` ot' the water-level in the regulating-tank to a valve that controls the iiow of a heating medium through the apparatus, a pipe lor conveying the heated water 'from the lower part or water-space o'll the separator-tank to a radiator or other heating appliance, and a return-pipe Ator conveyingl the comparatively cool water from the radiator to the heatingtank.

2. In an apparatus VFor water circulation` the combination of a heating-tank ior heating' water by steam, a pipe rising from the upper part o't' said tank, a separator-tank connected. with the upper end ot said rising pipe and provided with an overflow-pipe for water and on its upper part with an outlet for air, a valve in the stean1-pipe to theheating-tank, a regulating chamber or tank placed lower than the water-line in the separator-tank, the top and, bottom ot the chambercommunicating respectively with the upper part of the separatortank and the lower part of the heating-tank, a Heat in said regulating-tank, a connection from the iloat to the stea1n-pipe valve, a pipe for conveying' the heated water 'from the lower part or water-space ot' the separatoru tank to a radiator or other heating' appliance, and a return-pipe for conveying' the comparatively cool water `trom the radiator to the heating-tank.

3. In an apparatus for water circulation, the combination o'l2 a heating-tank, means Jfor conveyinga heating medium thereto, an elevated sepz'u'ator-tank, a pipe connecting the heating' and separator tanks, water-circulating pipes connected respectively to the heating-tank and the separator-tank, a regulating-tankl located below the separator-tank and having operative connection with said tank above the waterlevel therein, and with one oi said water-cir culating pipes, and means connected to said heat-conveying means and controllable hy the variation of the level of water in the regulating-tank ft'or controlling the circulation ot' a heating medium through the apparatus.

4C. In an apparatus for water circulation, the combination oi a heatingitank tor water, a steam-pipe connected therewith, a pipe extending upwardly from the upper part of said tank, a separator-tank connected with the upper part of said pipe and provided with an overflow-outlet, a regulating chamber or tank located lower than said overllowoutlet, connections between the upper and lower parts of said regulating-chamber and the separatingtank and heating-tank respectively, means for causing change of level o't water in said reguiating-chamber to control the ilow of steam through said steam-pipe, means for conveying hot water from said separating-tank to a heating' appliance or system, and means for returning the water to the heating-tank.

5. In an apparatus for water circulation, the combination ol` awater-column provided with an overHow-outlet in its upper part, a steampipe entering said column in lits lower portion for heating the water, a regulating-chamber .TOO

ITO

the steam-pipe enters it, whereby the level of water in said Chamber will be regulated by said water-column, a regulating-valve in said steam-pipe, means for causing' the position of said valve to be controlled by thelevel of water in said Chamber, means for conveying hot water from the npper part of said column at a point below the overflow-outlet to a heating ap plianoe, and means for returning the water l5 from the heating appliance to the lower part of the water-column.

In witness whereof l have hereunto set my hand.

ANDERS BORCH HECK.

/Vitn esses:

H. D. JAMESON, A. NUTTIING. 

